Introduction
The Internet connects thousands of separate networks and serves as a global communication system. It enables information transfer between two or more computers connected by a network. As a result, the internet facilitates the transmission of messages via mail, chat, video and audio conferences, etc. It is now required for daily tasks including paying bills, buying and browsing online, tutoring, working, and interacting with peers.
Beginning of the internet
To connect computers at various colleges and the US defence, the ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) project created the Internet in 1969. Soon after, people with various backgrounds, including scientists, engineers, students, and researchers, began using the network to exchange data and communications.
Wide Area Network(WAN):
Instead of using wired communication, this local area network makes use of wireless connectivity. In WLAN, a local area network is created by two computers communicating wirelessly. In this scenario, a wifi router is extremely typical. In this instance, no cables are involved.
Local area network(LAN):
This is a collection of equipment that is housed in the same structure, such as computers, servers, switches, and printers. These are close to one another. In homes or offices, LAN is most frequently used. An Ethernet LAN is a typical type of LAN in which two or more computers are linked to the Internet by switches.
ARPANET:
The U.S. Department of Defense’s (DoD) Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) created the Internet as we know and enjoy it today. The ARPANET and later computer networks eventually led to the internet being neither the work of a single person or group nor were they created all at once. Instead, the foundation of ARPANET, the predecessor of the internet, was built using the concepts and preliminary research efforts of many people over a long period of time.
Internet as mainstream
Internet service providers:
ISPs are businesses that link people and organisations to the Internet and offer them services. ISPs may also offer email addresses, software packages (such as browsers), and a personal website or home page. ISPs have the ability to both host and construct websites for businesses. Network access points, which are open networks on the Internet backbone, that connect all ISPs.
World wide web and browsers:
Tim Berners Lee and his colleagues at CERN, a global scientific institution with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, started work on the World Wide Web in 1989. HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which they developed, standardized communication between servers and clients. They released their text-based Web browser to the public in January 1992. Hypertext or hypermedia links, often known as hyperlinks, are electronic connections that connect similar bits of information to offer a user simple access to them. The Web provides users with access to a wide variety of documents that are connected through these links.
Web 2.0:
Web 2.0 is the second generation of Web-based services, focusing on user connectedness, online collaboration, and content sharing. It alludes to the apparent Internet shift from conventional websites to user-facing Web applications. Early in the 1990s, the World Wide Web as we know it now emerged, initially offering just text information organized in the well-known or hyperlinks. At this time, Web browsing and the emergence of hypertext as a concept were hot topics.
Mobile internet:
1G: Voice calls
It was based on an analogue system, 1G could only support voice communications, and those had interference that made their quality poor. Additionally, 1G only functioned in a specific geographic area due to the network’s lack of support for roaming.
2G: Telephony services
The Global System for Mobile Communication, a considerably more sophisticated digital wireless transmission technology, has now replaced the analogue system of the first generation (GSM). The 2G supported higher quality phone conversations and data services including short message service (SMS) and multimedia messaging service thanks to its digital basis (MMS).
3G: Age of apps
High-speed internet services were launched by the third-generation mobile network, paving the way for smartphones and app ecosystems. While 3G made it possible for concepts like mobile television, online radio, and email on phones, video calling, and mobile apps are what truly characterize the 3G age.
4G: Internet calling
A greater data rate and more sophisticated multimedia services that the mobile network allows make the 3G concepts of high-definition phone calls, video calls, and other internet services to be a reality in 4G.
5G: Internet of Things(IoT) and enterprises
The network saw substantial modifications from 1G to 4G as each new generation of communication technology improved upon and added to the use cases of the one before it. However, 5G is anticipated to be different in that it will serve both businesses and smartphone consumers, making it more than simply another mobile network.
This is because the upcoming network generation would also boost throughput and latency in addition to data speeds. The network is perfect for business use because of its low latency and fast throughput, particularly when it comes to automation and connected ecosystems.
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A global network of computer networks is known as the Internet. Currently, more than a billion people use the Internet, and each month, millions of new users sign up. There are several components to the Internet. yet the World Wide Web and email are the two most widely used (email). The mechanism for locating websites on the Internet is a URL (uniform resource locator). FTP sites start with "ftp:/," whereas websites start with "http://." The next set of characters, such as "www," refers to a server. The website's owner is identified by the domain name, which appears after the server and begins with "adobe," while an extension, such as ".com," ".edu," or ".org," designates a website as belonging to a corporation, organization, or institution. Email messages, often known as electronic mail, are typically text messages transferred between two people using a computer. Transmission of emails happens almost instantly. Using a mailing list or listserv, email can be sent simultaneously to a huge number of addresses. There are several email address search websites online, but email addresses are not completely sorted. A firewall is a set of hardware and software components that, for security reasons, divides a Local Area Network (LAN) into two or more portions. Information on the network can only be accessed by users connecting from outside the local area network (LAN), while local users have access to all information. Information on the Internet is transmitted in two basic ways: wires and frequencies over the air. Microwaves are high-frequency waves that travel through the air and transmit data. That's how the Internet is related to physics. Internet History of the internet Overview & Timeline FAQs
What is the Internet?
What is a URL?
What is email?
What is a firewall?
What is the physics behind the Internet?
