If you want to learn about Circuit Component, you have come to the right place! The purpose of this article is to understand the Circuit Component. You will also find much other important information that you need to know. For a better understanding of the Circuit Component, it is important to discuss what is the electric circuit exactly.

Introduction

Electric circuit is the combination of the active and passive elements. It is a general representation of the arrangement of these components. It is a closed path through which electrons travel to create electric currents. There are different components that are embedded in the circuit. In this article, we are going to study different types of electrical components which are used in an electric circuit.

Circuit

Circuits are significant ideas with real-world applications in our everyday lives. It is a relatively straightforward idea that combines three distinct elements: an electrical energy source, a gadget, and a closed loop of conducting material. Generally, circuits are two types based on the voltage used.

• Electric circuit
• Electronic circuit

Electric circuits generally used high voltage to operate whereas electronic circuits used low voltage comparatively.

Fig-1 Electric circuit

Circuit components

Generally there are two main types of electric components in the circuit.

• Active component
• Passive component

Active component

The active component of the electric circuit is a type of component which supply electric energy to the circuit. These are the following types

Current source

An active component includes a source that supplies the electric current to the circuit. An ideal current source will deliver current to the circuit regardless of the circuit voltage. A current source is categorized as an active element since it regulates the flow of charge in a circuit.

Voltage source

A two-terminal device that is linked to a circuit and provides constant pressure for the passage of electrons (electric current) through the circuit is referred to as a voltage source. Some real-world examples of voltage sources include cells, batteries, generators, and other electrically powered machinery. These types of sources can be classified as follows.

• Direct voltage source
• Alternating voltage source

Transistor

Transistors are also classified as active sources because they have the capacity to increase or amplify a signal’s power. It has at three terminals for connecting to an electronic circuit and is made of semiconductor material. The current flowing through another pair of the transistor’s terminals is controlled by the voltage or current provided to one set of those terminals. A transistor can magnify a signal because the regulated (output) power can be greater than the controlling (input) power.

Fig- 2: Active circuit components

Passive components

An electronic component that can only absorb, dissipate, or store energy in a magnetic or electric field is referred to as a passive component. There are the following types of passive components present in the circuit.

Resistor

A resistor is a passive element in the circuit that has two-terminal electrical components. It is used in circuits to implement electrical resistance. Resistors have a variety of purposes in electronic circuits, including lowering current flow, adjusting signal levels, and dividing voltages.

Inductor coil

Inductors are two-terminal passive parts of an electric or electronic circuit that can store energy in the form of magnetic flux. They are also known as coils or chokes and they prevent abrupt fluctuations in current. The electrical symbol for them is L. An electrical conductor known as an inductor coil is twisted in the shape of a coil or spiral.

Fig- 3: Passive circuit components

Capacitor

A capacitor is a device that uses the accumulation of electric charges on two nearby surfaces that are electrically isolated from one another to store electrical energy in an electric field. It has two terminals and is a passive electrical component.

Transformer

A transformer is a static electrical device that transmits AC power from one circuit to the next at a constant frequency, but the voltage level may be changed, meaning the voltage can be raised or lowered depending on the situation.

Rectifier diode

A semiconductor device called a rectifier diode permits current to flow in one direction but not the other. It merely serves as a switch and has some limited electric energy dissipation capabilities. So it is a passive component of the circuit.

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